TOEFL スピーキング対策 : 問題例と解答例、解答のコツ
TOEFLスピーキングセクションでは、英語を明確に、簡潔に、情報豊かに話す能力が評価されます。このセクションでは、話し言葉のコミュニケーションスキルの異なる側面を評価するための4つの課題が出題されます。
Task 1: Independent Speaking
受験者は日常の経験やキャンパス生活に関連する親しみやすいトピックが与えられます。ここでは、プロンプトに関連した意見、好み、または経験を表現する必要があります。
準備時間: 15秒
応答時間: 45秒
問題例：
Which do you prefer, playing individual sports or team sports? Use details to explain your answer.
解答例：
I prefer team sports. I find team sports more fun and satisfying. I’d say that I enjoy the camaraderie, team work and shared goal. It teaches me the valuable lesson in communicating and adapting to others’ strengths and weaknesses. For example, when I was a student, I was part of the volleyball team. At that time, I had to work hard with my team to achieve our common goal. I was able to apply all the principles I’ve learned in playing to my job.
解答のヒント：
- 時間を有効に使って、慎重に答えを考える。
- 具体的な答えを出す。明確さや簡潔さに欠ける一般的な発言を避ける。
- 答えの流れを導入部、本文、結論に分けて整理する。導入部は質問への主な答え、本文は詳細と説明、結論は適切な締めくくりを提供する。
- ポイントを説明するために多様な語彙を活用する。
Task 2: Integrated Speaking
受験者は最初にパッセージを読み、次に同じトピックについての話を聞きます。質問が出され、パッセージと話から情報を組み合わせて完全な答えを提供する必要があります。
準備時間: 30秒
応答時間: 45秒
問題例：
Example: The Benefits of Studying Abroad (Passage)
Studying abroad offers a wealth of benefits beyond academics. It's a chance to immerse yourself in a new culture, broadening your perspective and fostering independence. You'll build communication skills in a real-world setting, navigating new customs and languages. This global experience can make you a more well-rounded and adaptable individual, preparing you for success in an increasingly interconnected world.
Example Talk:
Tom: Hey Bob, I heard you’re going to the U.S. next month for college. Congratulations!
Bob: Thanks Tom.
Tom: You don’t seem to be excited about it. Why?
Bob: I’m happy I got in a university there but you know that it’s not all sunshine to study abroad. I don’t know anyone, it’s too expensive there and I just didn’t think I’d manage at all.
Tom: Oh Bob, I totally understand you. I think you still got four months to prepare for it, right?
Bob: Yeah, thanks Tom. I will really prepare hard for it.
質問例：
Explain the main points of both the passage and the conversation. Give details.
解答例：
The passage mentioned about the advantages of studying abroad. These include experiencing a new culture, having a broader perspective and experiencing independence. These new experiences would later help the individual be more well-rounded and adaptable, both of which are necessary to an ever-changing world. On the other hand, the talk was about Bob’s worry because he was accepted in a university in the U.S. He mentioned about not knowing anyone, the expenses and just his fear of not being able to manage the challenges. Both present an opposite perspective of studying abroad. These are helpful ideas because it presents the realities that people face when they have this kind of opportunity.
解答のヒント：
- よく読んでよく聞く。パッセージと話の主なアイデアを特定する。
- 通常、両方が対立する視点を提示する。詳細に注意を払う。
- 質問を理解し、それが求める答えを理解する。
- そこから答えの流れを導入部、本文、結論に分けて整理する。
Task 3: Campus-Related Speaking
受験者は会話を聞き、その後に出される質問に答える必要があります。
準備時間: 30秒
応答時間: 45秒
問題例：
Student: Hi Dr. Reyes, thanks for fitting me in today. I'm feeling a little lost about choosing a major.
Advisor: Of course, Sarah! That's what I'm here for. What areas are you interested in?
Student: Well, I've always loved computers and figuring out how things work. I'm really interested in coding and software development, so computer science seems like a natural fit.
Advisor: Excellent choice! Computer science is a rapidly growing field with great career opportunities.
Student: That's exciting to hear! But honestly, I'm a little worried about the workload. I've heard computer science is really demanding.
Advisor: It's true, computer science can be challenging. The coursework involves a lot of math and problem-solving, and there can be quite a few projects with tight deadlines.
Student: (Sighs) Yeah, that's what I was afraid of.
Advisor: Don't be discouraged, Sarah. There are resources available to help you succeed. We have a strong support system in the computer science department, including tutoring services and study groups led by upperclassmen.
Student: That's good to know. Maybe I could talk to some students who are already in the program?
Advisor: Absolutely! Connecting with upperclassmen is a great way to get firsthand experience about the workload and the program in general. They can offer valuable insights and tips.
Student: Okay, that sounds helpful. Is there anything else I can do to prepare myself?
Advisor: Definitely! Taking strong math classes in high school will give you a solid foundation for the coursework.Additionally, there are online resources and introductory coding classes you can take to get a head start.
Student: Wow, thanks for all the advice, Dr. Reyes. I feel a lot more confident now!
Advisor: You're welcome, Sarah. Remember, computer science is a rewarding field, and with hard work and dedication, you can definitely succeed. Don't hesitate to reach out if you have any further questions.
質問例：
You listen to a conversation between a student and an advisor about choosing a major. The student is interested in computer science but worried about the workload. What advice would you give the student?
解答例：
If I were the student, I'd suggest talking to some upperclassmen who are majoring in computer science. They can give you a firsthand account of the workload and the difficulty level of the courses. Additionally, the advisor mentioned tutoring resources available on campus. Taking advantage of those could be a great way to get extra help and manage the workload more effectively.
解答のヒント：
- 会話を聞いて理解する。メインとなる問題を特定する。
- 問題に対する関連性の高い適切な解決策を提案する。学生の立場になって想像する。
- メインとなる答えを補足するために理由や具体的な詳細を提供する。
Task 4: Academic Speaking
受験者は講義を聞き、その後に質問が出されます。解答は、明瞭かつ一貫した話し方に基づいて採点されます。
準備時間: 20秒
応答時間: 45秒
問題例：
Lecture:
Hello everyone, today we'll explore the positive ways social media has revolutionized communication. While social media can have downsides, it offers undeniable benefits for how we connect and share information.
1. Bridging Geographical Distances: Social media platforms like Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram allow us to connect with friends and family regardless of location. Imagine keeping in touch with relatives across continents through instant messaging or video calls! Social media bridges these physical gaps, fostering closer relationships and a sense of community.
2. Global Sharing of Ideas: Social media platforms provide a space for sharing ideas and information on a massive scale. News, scientific discoveries, and creative works can reach a global audience in real-time. This fosters cultural exchange, promotes understanding between diverse communities, and allows marginalized voices to be heard.
3. Collaboration and Innovation: Social media platforms act as virtual workspaces for teams to collaborate on projects.They enable real-time communication, document sharing, and brainstorming across borders. This can accelerate innovation and problem-solving in various fields.
These are only some of the positive things about social media.
解答例：
You listen to a lecture about the positive impact of social media on communication. What is your opinion on this topic?
解答例：
The lecture made some interesting points about how social media can connect people across distances and allow for instant communication. However, I also think it's important to consider the downsides of social media, such as the spread of misinformation and the potential for addiction. Overall, I believe social media can be a useful tool, but it's important to use it responsibly and be aware of its limitations.
解答のヒント：
- 講義を聞いて理解する。いくつかの重要なポイントや詳細をメモする。
- 答えを整理する。導入部、本文、結論を含める。
- 聞いたことに基づいて詳細を提供する。ただし、重要なものだけを含める。
- 答えが一貫していることを確認する。適切な語彙を使用する。
モーンパルでは、生徒様のレベルに合わせた指導およびアドバイスを行います。ぜひ、モーンパルの授業で、目標スコアの達成を目指してください。
レッスン内容、スケジュール調整等できるかぎり柔軟に対応させていただきます。
不明点等ございましたらお気軽にお問合せください。
